HISTORY OF TELANGANA
The word Telangana means that it is the land of telugus which is also a language name which is spoken through out Andhra Pradesh. The Telangana region forms a major part of the state comprising of around 10 states out of which Hyderabad is the state capital. Even before independence most of the people in Telangana region suffered because of the Nizams and Razakars movement. Around five thousand people including socialists, communists and common people died fighting Nizam`s feudal system for their existence and also the Razakars which is a paramilitary organisation of the Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslameen. During these events policemen and Razakars suffered heavy casualties. After which came the Police Action. In these there was not much violence in Telangana after the Police Action.
In the Pre independence and post independence period from 1948 to 1956 Telangana region has passed through different stages such as the military rule, velodis rule. After independence the Telangana region had elections in 1952 and the induction of a popular government with Burugul Ramakrishna Rao as Chief Minister took place. During this period the Hyderabad Tenancy Act which is described as one of the most progressive acts in the history of modern India has been passed and has been partly implemented.
There was no opposition of Telangana to be merged with the other parts of the state but many times again and again the people of Telangana were betrayed by a section of its leadership on caste grounds. After Independence the government decided to form the states based on languages, to implement this in the year 1953 the then Prime Minister of India Shri. Jawaharlal Nehru appointed a commission which will study and recommend to the government as to how the states of India should be divided linguistically. The commission was named as the Fazal Ali Commission. Two years after the commission was formed in the year 1955 the commission presented its recommendations on reorganizing of states but the point to be noted is that the committee was not in favor of merging the Telangana with the Andhra Pradesh because of many circumstances and issues. But the central government decided to forgo the SRC (States Reorganization Commission) recommendations and merged the Telangana with the Andhra Region and thus established unified Andhra Pradesh on November 1, 1956 much against the recommendations of the Fazal Ali Commission and advice of Nehru and Lohia.
Movements in Telangana from past to present
1968-1972 - Great Peoples Movement
One should really understand why the movement for a separate Telangana started after 15 years of forming the state. The reasons can be broadly termed as the injustice melted towards the people of Telangana. Since the leadership is from the Andhra region be it the Chief Minister or other Ministers they were so jealous that they wanted to ill treat the people of Telangana because of all the ill treatment they faced from the tamil ruling class in the old Madras Presidency. This is not just a psychological problem but the most important issue was the lust for power and money form the feudal classes belonging to the Andhra area, Kammas, Reddys and Brahmins. All these classes agreed together and lusted for the river waters of Telangana and diverted all the water from this area from the two big rivers of Krishna and Godavari towards the Andhra Region and not only this but many other issues and these forced the people of Telangana to fight for a separate cause but there were some from this area who betrayed the people of its land and joined the others and thus this movement did not yield its result.
Because of which Telangana movement of 1969 actually commenced in December 1968 by students taking out procession in Hyderabad and this led to widespread violence and around 6 students were killed by the rowdies hired by police and soon the flame spread to the nearby districts of Warangal and Khammam and slowly to other parts of the Telangana region which resulted in deaths of hundreds of people and students of this Telangana region. Approximately 360 students gave their lives in this movement.
1990-2004
After which the movement got little bit slugged even though people from different walks of life, parties were following the movement but not in a very strong way but this movement got ignited again when in the 90’s and early 2000’s the NDA let government under the leadership of Bharatiya Janatha Party (BJP) while in public campaign and even in the party promised to create a separate state of Telangana if it comes to power at the center. As expected the NDA won the elections and under the leadership of BJP they formed the government at the center and as promised in the manifesto created separate states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Uttarakhand in the year 2000.
The NDA government faced opposition from the ruling Telugu Desam Party (TDP) under the leadership of Mr. Chandrababu Naidu for creating the separate state of Telangana. When this happened they could not create a separate state as promised and this led to chaos in the state and many agitations took place and then Mr K ChandraShekar Rao known popularly as KCR came out of the party involved and established a separate party for Telangana known as Telangana Rastra Samithi (TRS). This attracted many leaders and party workers to join this party because they have a clear mandate for Telangana and thus once again started the Telangana Movement.
2004-2009
After floating the party TRS in the year 2004 for the assembly elections TRS joined hands with Congress to jointly fight the elections on a seat sharing basis. Based on these the Congress promised to fight for the cause of separate state for Telangana and said that as soon as they come to power they will make sure that a separate state for Telangana is done. As the days, months, years passed by nothing in this regard has happened and the TRS decided to withdraw their support and some how congress managed to be in power and later in 2006 KCR contested from the Karimnagar Parliamentary Constituency and has won with a great margin which actually made the congress to think again and the congress was again in greater pressure from the TRS to get a separate state for Telangana and as nothing was in their way the TRS MLAs and MPs collectively resigned and forced the government to conduct re - elections and every one even the congress thought that TRS will win with a great margin but the situation was beyond every body’s expectations. No one thought of this. The elections were conducted and TRS were so confident of winning all the places but to every one’s surprise the election results were against the TRS and not even many of them who resigned got elected in the by-elections. This was a big blow for the TRS and a gain for Congress.
Again in the same year a senior leader from the Telugu Desam Party Mr. T Devendar Goud who had some difference with Chandrababu Naidu on the Telangana issue and floated a new party for the Telangana region called “Nava Telangana Praja Party” and joined with the newly floated Praja Rajyam Party by famous matinee idol Chirenjeevi. But as every body knew it was a big blow for Devendar Goud because he could noot get the deposits when contested for 2009 elections. That was a different issue.
2009 till as of date
For the 2009 assembly elections the TRS chief Mr. K.Chandrashekar Rao fromed an alliance with the opposition party Telugu Desam Party with all left parties and formed “Mahakutami” to fight against Congress which has become so popular with the masses because of its welfare measures. The TDP chief promised Mr. KCR that they would get a separate state if the party comes to power. The campaign saw many film stars and even the support for all the parties were huge. The exit polls clearly showed congress as leading in the elections but every one ignored this. When the results started coming out it was none other than the Congress winning majority of seats without any support.
Important to note that the TRS party could not even get majority of the seats in the Telangana region which they claim that people support them. After this massive win the Congress successively formed the government for the second time and this time the governments both at state and center was of Congress. Taking rest for some time the chief of the Telangana Rastra Samithi Mr.K.Chandrashekar Rao announced that he would go for a fast unto death in Siddipet early of December. The government started making all the arrangements to avoid the fast by the TRS leader. The police was present in Karimnagar and fully prepared to take control of Mr. KCR and the day arrived and the police arrested KCR in spite of all the opposition from the party cadre and took him to Khammam district by road and then later to Hyderabad in a dramatic situation. Even in the Jail he resumed his fat and later seeing the condition of his health he was moved to NIMS hospital in Hyderabad.
Even in the Hospital he resumed his fast for almost 11 day and he was kept in ICU and utmost care was taken to see that all the medical treatment was available to him. Seeing all this and also the rumors that his health has gone down and there are chances of liver failure and that he was not responding to any one there was a huge cry of the party cadre. They all gathered over night before the hospital and ruining the public and private property. The situation started going out of control because in all the Telangana region there were protests and processions and bandhs. The government property was being damaged and even buses and private property was torched and many shopping malls were peddled with stones and along with this there was a time when the doctors announced that KCR is not cooperating and if this continues there is a danger for his health. The students at Osmania University started protesting and the government called in additional forces from the center to control the situation and also the planned procession across the city.
Seeing the grave situation and to stop the students from participating in the agitation the state government took some measures and as a part of this initiative the Home Minister Mrs.Sabhitha Indira Reddy declared 15 days as holidays for all the educational institutions in Telangana region except the for schools and medical institutions till 18 December 2009 so that the students can be stopped. The hostels and mess in OU campus was closed and this even provoked the students and some committed suicide. As these were happening the next day doctors declared that KCR is doing well and no problem with his health condition. On December 5th and 6th the TRS leaders after a lot of thought called in for a Telangana band for another two days. All the RTC buses and other services were stopped and at many places human chains were formed to protest and finally the band went peacefully and successfully. There is an important thing to note and it is also the opinion of many that the common people are not interested in a separate state but it is in the interest of some political parties and some leaders.
Again on 09th December 2009 the doctors in their health bulletin announced that the condition of K.Chandrashekar Rao was getting worse and is refusing to take any food or supplements and insisting that either a clear statement be made by the government or he is ready to die. After serious discussions in the state and at the center there came this surprising and a hurried decision from the home minister of India Mr P.Chidambaram at around 11:30 pm declaring that the congress government is ready to discuss the Telangana issue and asked Mr K.Chandrashekar Rao to end his fast and all these without consulting any party member or other parties of the state which normally happens and this seemed to be a hurried decision for which the congress is paying heavily now. Hearing this MR KCR broke his fast and jubilation started all across Telangana right from the mid night and there was excitement in the party cadre and all the people. No one including the state and the central government thought of the consequences of this hurried decision and unexpectedly the next day this issue became very serious in Rayalaseema and Andhra regions. Every one was surprised to hear this and all this in an unconstitutional way. No consideration of the party MLAs or MPs have been taken and also as per procedure the two-third majority should first support the issue and a bill be passed from the state government to the President. It should studied in detail and then it should be passed in parliament and none of this happened.
To the surprise of every one MP Lagapati Rajagopal of congress submitted his resignation and this has been followed by many MLAs and MPs from Rayalaseema and Andhra region. These resignations are not only confined to congress party to show their anger but it was all across the parties and even the MLCs started resigning. The resignations were followed by J.C.Deewakar Reddy, Prathap Reddy and many others. The number of resignations reached to around 220 till date. The situation went so worst that even the ministers in the cabinet started resigning and every MLA, MP showed favor for their regions and also for a unified state. Every one wanted Samyka Andhra and are against separate Telangana State. The Chief minister K. Rosaiah appealed to the MLAs and ministers all from the Rayalaseema and coastal Andhra regions to withhold the resignations and even the speaker did not take any action on that. To support this MLAs, MPs and MLCs across different parties started resigning and this was a surprise to the Telugu Desam Party and Praja Rajyam Party.
All across Andhra and Rayalaseema the parties called for band for two days i.e., December 11th and 12th in many regions. The band was very successful and it was very difficult for the common public. There were issues of suicides and others. Vijayawada MP Mr.Lagadapati Rajagopal has warned on 14 Dec to the center that he would go on fast unto death and would start the fast in Hyderabad if decision on separation of Telanagana is not taken back. As soon as he reached Hyderabad airport there was a lot of security and he was taken into custody and many of his supporters gathered and many started to go on fast un to death in many places.
In the mean time in Anantapur district the people and parties took out processions and even the BSNL OFC cables gowdon was put on fire and a railway station was burned and police had a very difficult time to manage it and in the Sri Venkateshwara University students gathered to show their protest and today i.e 15 Dec the police led by SP and Charu Sinha IPS went into the campus and did lathi charge and tried to stop the agitation and many were injured and there was a lot of chaos and cries and the police behaved in an in human way and this was reported to human right commission and the home minister is targeted. The situation is growing worse and the central government announced that it is coming with a decision which will pacify both the groups and also told that the decision to make a separate state for Telangana was only made to save the life of Mr KCR which is very grave on their part.
Mr K Chandrashekar Rao durning an interview with a TV channel has told that the city of Hyderabad consists of people from all parts of the state and it is garunteed that the people in this place are protected and there should be no fear in peoples mind and it is their duty to take care of them. He said the people from other states can safely stay in the city. But if one can recollect what was the reason for him to say that if people do not want to stay they can leave the city and he said "Telangana wala jago…Andhra wala bagho".
If every one is so confident that majority of the people living in Hyderabad and other places are from Telangana region then why is it that he is so worried of people living in Hyderabad. He says that since Telengana is backward region and they want a separate state then what about other regions which means that the state should be divided into pieces so that the people who are wanting to come to power gets a chance.
Now since this decision was made there are uproars in other parts of the country to form separate states and BJP is in favor of small states. Mr. Kishan Rao MLA of BJP in Hyderabad said today that small states will progress very fast and pointing Gujarat as an example. This is all political play and no body is interested in progress. These people want to be in power and gain power and money.
It is very interesting to see that if a person goes on fast for merely 10 days the government declares for granting a separate state and imagine if people start doing this across the country what would happen to the country. People should awake from their sleep and address the issue other wise our country will be no where.
The word Telangana means that it is the land of telugus which is also a language name which is spoken through out Andhra Pradesh. The Telangana region forms a major part of the state comprising of around 10 states out of which Hyderabad is the state capital. Even before independence most of the people in Telangana region suffered because of the Nizams and Razakars movement. Around five thousand people including socialists, communists and common people died fighting Nizam`s feudal system for their existence and also the Razakars which is a paramilitary organisation of the Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslameen. During these events policemen and Razakars suffered heavy casualties. After which came the Police Action. In these there was not much violence in Telangana after the Police Action.
In the Pre independence and post independence period from 1948 to 1956 Telangana region has passed through different stages such as the military rule, velodis rule. After independence the Telangana region had elections in 1952 and the induction of a popular government with Burugul Ramakrishna Rao as Chief Minister took place. During this period the Hyderabad Tenancy Act which is described as one of the most progressive acts in the history of modern India has been passed and has been partly implemented.
There was no opposition of Telangana to be merged with the other parts of the state but many times again and again the people of Telangana were betrayed by a section of its leadership on caste grounds. After Independence the government decided to form the states based on languages, to implement this in the year 1953 the then Prime Minister of India Shri. Jawaharlal Nehru appointed a commission which will study and recommend to the government as to how the states of India should be divided linguistically. The commission was named as the Fazal Ali Commission. Two years after the commission was formed in the year 1955 the commission presented its recommendations on reorganizing of states but the point to be noted is that the committee was not in favor of merging the Telangana with the Andhra Pradesh because of many circumstances and issues. But the central government decided to forgo the SRC (States Reorganization Commission) recommendations and merged the Telangana with the Andhra Region and thus established unified Andhra Pradesh on November 1, 1956 much against the recommendations of the Fazal Ali Commission and advice of Nehru and Lohia.
Movements in Telangana from past to present
1968-1972 - Great Peoples Movement
One should really understand why the movement for a separate Telangana started after 15 years of forming the state. The reasons can be broadly termed as the injustice melted towards the people of Telangana. Since the leadership is from the Andhra region be it the Chief Minister or other Ministers they were so jealous that they wanted to ill treat the people of Telangana because of all the ill treatment they faced from the tamil ruling class in the old Madras Presidency. This is not just a psychological problem but the most important issue was the lust for power and money form the feudal classes belonging to the Andhra area, Kammas, Reddys and Brahmins. All these classes agreed together and lusted for the river waters of Telangana and diverted all the water from this area from the two big rivers of Krishna and Godavari towards the Andhra Region and not only this but many other issues and these forced the people of Telangana to fight for a separate cause but there were some from this area who betrayed the people of its land and joined the others and thus this movement did not yield its result.
Because of which Telangana movement of 1969 actually commenced in December 1968 by students taking out procession in Hyderabad and this led to widespread violence and around 6 students were killed by the rowdies hired by police and soon the flame spread to the nearby districts of Warangal and Khammam and slowly to other parts of the Telangana region which resulted in deaths of hundreds of people and students of this Telangana region. Approximately 360 students gave their lives in this movement.
1990-2004
After which the movement got little bit slugged even though people from different walks of life, parties were following the movement but not in a very strong way but this movement got ignited again when in the 90’s and early 2000’s the NDA let government under the leadership of Bharatiya Janatha Party (BJP) while in public campaign and even in the party promised to create a separate state of Telangana if it comes to power at the center. As expected the NDA won the elections and under the leadership of BJP they formed the government at the center and as promised in the manifesto created separate states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Uttarakhand in the year 2000.
The NDA government faced opposition from the ruling Telugu Desam Party (TDP) under the leadership of Mr. Chandrababu Naidu for creating the separate state of Telangana. When this happened they could not create a separate state as promised and this led to chaos in the state and many agitations took place and then Mr K ChandraShekar Rao known popularly as KCR came out of the party involved and established a separate party for Telangana known as Telangana Rastra Samithi (TRS). This attracted many leaders and party workers to join this party because they have a clear mandate for Telangana and thus once again started the Telangana Movement.
2004-2009
After floating the party TRS in the year 2004 for the assembly elections TRS joined hands with Congress to jointly fight the elections on a seat sharing basis. Based on these the Congress promised to fight for the cause of separate state for Telangana and said that as soon as they come to power they will make sure that a separate state for Telangana is done. As the days, months, years passed by nothing in this regard has happened and the TRS decided to withdraw their support and some how congress managed to be in power and later in 2006 KCR contested from the Karimnagar Parliamentary Constituency and has won with a great margin which actually made the congress to think again and the congress was again in greater pressure from the TRS to get a separate state for Telangana and as nothing was in their way the TRS MLAs and MPs collectively resigned and forced the government to conduct re - elections and every one even the congress thought that TRS will win with a great margin but the situation was beyond every body’s expectations. No one thought of this. The elections were conducted and TRS were so confident of winning all the places but to every one’s surprise the election results were against the TRS and not even many of them who resigned got elected in the by-elections. This was a big blow for the TRS and a gain for Congress.
Again in the same year a senior leader from the Telugu Desam Party Mr. T Devendar Goud who had some difference with Chandrababu Naidu on the Telangana issue and floated a new party for the Telangana region called “Nava Telangana Praja Party” and joined with the newly floated Praja Rajyam Party by famous matinee idol Chirenjeevi. But as every body knew it was a big blow for Devendar Goud because he could noot get the deposits when contested for 2009 elections. That was a different issue.
2009 till as of date
For the 2009 assembly elections the TRS chief Mr. K.Chandrashekar Rao fromed an alliance with the opposition party Telugu Desam Party with all left parties and formed “Mahakutami” to fight against Congress which has become so popular with the masses because of its welfare measures. The TDP chief promised Mr. KCR that they would get a separate state if the party comes to power. The campaign saw many film stars and even the support for all the parties were huge. The exit polls clearly showed congress as leading in the elections but every one ignored this. When the results started coming out it was none other than the Congress winning majority of seats without any support.
Important to note that the TRS party could not even get majority of the seats in the Telangana region which they claim that people support them. After this massive win the Congress successively formed the government for the second time and this time the governments both at state and center was of Congress. Taking rest for some time the chief of the Telangana Rastra Samithi Mr.K.Chandrashekar Rao announced that he would go for a fast unto death in Siddipet early of December. The government started making all the arrangements to avoid the fast by the TRS leader. The police was present in Karimnagar and fully prepared to take control of Mr. KCR and the day arrived and the police arrested KCR in spite of all the opposition from the party cadre and took him to Khammam district by road and then later to Hyderabad in a dramatic situation. Even in the Jail he resumed his fat and later seeing the condition of his health he was moved to NIMS hospital in Hyderabad.
Even in the Hospital he resumed his fast for almost 11 day and he was kept in ICU and utmost care was taken to see that all the medical treatment was available to him. Seeing all this and also the rumors that his health has gone down and there are chances of liver failure and that he was not responding to any one there was a huge cry of the party cadre. They all gathered over night before the hospital and ruining the public and private property. The situation started going out of control because in all the Telangana region there were protests and processions and bandhs. The government property was being damaged and even buses and private property was torched and many shopping malls were peddled with stones and along with this there was a time when the doctors announced that KCR is not cooperating and if this continues there is a danger for his health. The students at Osmania University started protesting and the government called in additional forces from the center to control the situation and also the planned procession across the city.
Seeing the grave situation and to stop the students from participating in the agitation the state government took some measures and as a part of this initiative the Home Minister Mrs.Sabhitha Indira Reddy declared 15 days as holidays for all the educational institutions in Telangana region except the for schools and medical institutions till 18 December 2009 so that the students can be stopped. The hostels and mess in OU campus was closed and this even provoked the students and some committed suicide. As these were happening the next day doctors declared that KCR is doing well and no problem with his health condition. On December 5th and 6th the TRS leaders after a lot of thought called in for a Telangana band for another two days. All the RTC buses and other services were stopped and at many places human chains were formed to protest and finally the band went peacefully and successfully. There is an important thing to note and it is also the opinion of many that the common people are not interested in a separate state but it is in the interest of some political parties and some leaders.
Again on 09th December 2009 the doctors in their health bulletin announced that the condition of K.Chandrashekar Rao was getting worse and is refusing to take any food or supplements and insisting that either a clear statement be made by the government or he is ready to die. After serious discussions in the state and at the center there came this surprising and a hurried decision from the home minister of India Mr P.Chidambaram at around 11:30 pm declaring that the congress government is ready to discuss the Telangana issue and asked Mr K.Chandrashekar Rao to end his fast and all these without consulting any party member or other parties of the state which normally happens and this seemed to be a hurried decision for which the congress is paying heavily now. Hearing this MR KCR broke his fast and jubilation started all across Telangana right from the mid night and there was excitement in the party cadre and all the people. No one including the state and the central government thought of the consequences of this hurried decision and unexpectedly the next day this issue became very serious in Rayalaseema and Andhra regions. Every one was surprised to hear this and all this in an unconstitutional way. No consideration of the party MLAs or MPs have been taken and also as per procedure the two-third majority should first support the issue and a bill be passed from the state government to the President. It should studied in detail and then it should be passed in parliament and none of this happened.
To the surprise of every one MP Lagapati Rajagopal of congress submitted his resignation and this has been followed by many MLAs and MPs from Rayalaseema and Andhra region. These resignations are not only confined to congress party to show their anger but it was all across the parties and even the MLCs started resigning. The resignations were followed by J.C.Deewakar Reddy, Prathap Reddy and many others. The number of resignations reached to around 220 till date. The situation went so worst that even the ministers in the cabinet started resigning and every MLA, MP showed favor for their regions and also for a unified state. Every one wanted Samyka Andhra and are against separate Telangana State. The Chief minister K. Rosaiah appealed to the MLAs and ministers all from the Rayalaseema and coastal Andhra regions to withhold the resignations and even the speaker did not take any action on that. To support this MLAs, MPs and MLCs across different parties started resigning and this was a surprise to the Telugu Desam Party and Praja Rajyam Party.
All across Andhra and Rayalaseema the parties called for band for two days i.e., December 11th and 12th in many regions. The band was very successful and it was very difficult for the common public. There were issues of suicides and others. Vijayawada MP Mr.Lagadapati Rajagopal has warned on 14 Dec to the center that he would go on fast unto death and would start the fast in Hyderabad if decision on separation of Telanagana is not taken back. As soon as he reached Hyderabad airport there was a lot of security and he was taken into custody and many of his supporters gathered and many started to go on fast un to death in many places.
In the mean time in Anantapur district the people and parties took out processions and even the BSNL OFC cables gowdon was put on fire and a railway station was burned and police had a very difficult time to manage it and in the Sri Venkateshwara University students gathered to show their protest and today i.e 15 Dec the police led by SP and Charu Sinha IPS went into the campus and did lathi charge and tried to stop the agitation and many were injured and there was a lot of chaos and cries and the police behaved in an in human way and this was reported to human right commission and the home minister is targeted. The situation is growing worse and the central government announced that it is coming with a decision which will pacify both the groups and also told that the decision to make a separate state for Telangana was only made to save the life of Mr KCR which is very grave on their part.
Mr K Chandrashekar Rao durning an interview with a TV channel has told that the city of Hyderabad consists of people from all parts of the state and it is garunteed that the people in this place are protected and there should be no fear in peoples mind and it is their duty to take care of them. He said the people from other states can safely stay in the city. But if one can recollect what was the reason for him to say that if people do not want to stay they can leave the city and he said "Telangana wala jago…Andhra wala bagho".
If every one is so confident that majority of the people living in Hyderabad and other places are from Telangana region then why is it that he is so worried of people living in Hyderabad. He says that since Telengana is backward region and they want a separate state then what about other regions which means that the state should be divided into pieces so that the people who are wanting to come to power gets a chance.
Now since this decision was made there are uproars in other parts of the country to form separate states and BJP is in favor of small states. Mr. Kishan Rao MLA of BJP in Hyderabad said today that small states will progress very fast and pointing Gujarat as an example. This is all political play and no body is interested in progress. These people want to be in power and gain power and money.
It is very interesting to see that if a person goes on fast for merely 10 days the government declares for granting a separate state and imagine if people start doing this across the country what would happen to the country. People should awake from their sleep and address the issue other wise our country will be no where.
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